written by Mr. XU Jian, Charge d’Affaires of Chinese Embassy in Sudan

Great Success Achieved in Advancing the Rule of Law in China in the New EraRespect for the law contributes to the prosperity and rise of a country. Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949, especially in the new era, the Communist Party of China (CPC) has led the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in working hard to promote the rule of law in China and achieved impressive advances in this respect. This has laid a solid foundation and provided a strong underpinning for advancing national rejuvenation and building a great country. At the first Central Conference on Work Related to Overall Law-based Governance held in 2020, Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law was established as the guiding thought for the comprehensive law-based governance in China, marking a milestone in advancing socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. In 2025, the Central Conference on Work Related to Overall Law-based Governance was convened again to review the latest achievements in theory and practice with respect to Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law, which has charted the course forward for comprehensively advancing law-based governance on the new journey.Over the past six years, China has made historic achievements and changes in comprehensive law-based governance, opening new ground for advancing the rule of law in China. More effective, democratic, and law-based legislation has been deepened. We have stepped up legislation in key and emerging sectors and concerning China’s international related activities, using sound laws to develop and ensure good governance. Also, strict law enforcement has been advanced. We have deepened reform of the administrative law enforcement system, regulated the exercise of law enforcement powers and fully implemented the accountability system for administrative law enforcement, in a bid to ensure that law enforcement is strict, procedure-based, impartial and civil. Moreover, judicial fairness has been promoted. We have implemented and improved the judicial accountability system, and established the new enforcement mechanism of judicial power that features consistency of power and responsibility, so that those who review a case pass judgment and those who pass judgment are held accountable. We have improved the public interest litigation system and built standardized and effective restraint and oversight systems. In addition, the observance of law by all has been promoted. We have endeavored to raise public awareness of the rule of law, increase public understanding of the law in a more targeted and timely manner, improve the public communication and education mechanism for public understanding of the law, and urge enterprises of different categories to do business, advance corporate governance and defend their interests in accordance with the law and through legal means. In this manner, the rule of law becomes embedded as a core value guiding the public thinking and behavior.Over the years, China has advanced the rule of law in both domestic and foreign affairs and accelerated the building of the system of rule of law in foreign affairs. We continued to make legislation our top priority and placed equal emphasis on making new laws, revising existing ones, abolishing those that are unnecessary. Guided by the principle of giving high priority to urgently needed laws, we have strengthened legislation in foreign-related areas and accelerated the establishment of a system of laws for extraterritorial application, developing a more complete system of laws and regulations relating to foreign affairs. Reforming the institutions and mechanisms on judicial adjudication for foreign affairs has been advanced. The efficiency of law enforcement and jurisdiction in foreign affairs, and juridical credibility in foreign affairs have been continuously enhanced, and a coordinated and efficient system to put in place the rule of law in foreign affairs has come into being. Furthermore, more foreign-related legal talents have been recommended for posts in international economic and trade organizations and arbitration agencies, and mediation and arbitration mechanisms for international commercial disputes have been further improved. By these means, we have built a foreign-related legal service team comprised of high-caliber talents and a number of high-level foreign-related legal service agencies. China’s historic achievements in building the rule of law in the new era are owed to Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law which has provided sound guidance to advance the cause. As an important component of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, Xi Jinping Thought on the Rule of Law is a shining example of adapting Marxist rule of law theory to the rule of law in the Chinese context and to fine traditional Chinese legal culture. It is the fundamental basis and guide for comprehensive law-based governance in China.During the 15th Five-Year Plan period, China’s rule of law will focus on moving to a higher stage in building a socialist country under the rule of law. China will endeavor to refine the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, build a socialist country under the rule of law at a higher stage, place greater focus on coordinating rule of law with reform, development and stability and protecting and promoting social fairness and justice, and build higher-standard rule of law to secure high-quality economic and social development.Going forward, China will unswervingly advance socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and integrate the rule of law with the rule of virtue. Based on the country’s realities, China will adapt the rule of law to the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance, and highlight its Chinese characteristics, practical nature and contemporary relevance. By doing so, it will make important contributions to the enduring peace and stability of our country and national economic and social progress. As we know, developing countries including Sudan are working hard to find their respective path to modernization under the rule of law. In this context, as the world’s largest developing country, China stands ready to share with them its governance experience, especially in the rule of law, so that we are able to realize mutual learning and common progress.